Bentall Procedure Treatment in India

Types of Bentall Procedure Treatment India

Some types of Bentall procedures are performed according to the condition of the patient. These are:

• Traditional Bentall Procedure
• Modified Bentall Procedure
• Button Bentall Procedure
• Hemashield Bentall Procedure
• Valve-Sparing Bentall Procedure
• Bioprosthetic Valve Bentall Procedure

Traditional Bentall Procedure

This is the classic form of the procedure that involves the replacement of the aortic valve and the aorta that runs upward with an artificial graft. A mechanical or biological valve is used along with a synthetic graft to replace the abnormal aorta.

Modified Bentall Procedure

In this type of Bentall procedure, some changes might be made to the surgical technique, such as using different suture techniques or graft materials. The remaining procedure of replacing the aortic valve and the aorta remains the same as the traditional Bentall procedure.

Button Bentall Procedure

This procedure is also known as the "button Bentall”. This procedure involves reimplanting the branches of the aorta into the graft by using button-like flaps. This can help improve the blood flow in branches of the aorta and reduce the risk of complications.

Hemashield Bentall Procedure

In this type of procedure, a special type of graft material called Hemashield is used for the synthetic tube graft. This material is designed to reduce the risk of infection and other complications related to graft.

Valve-Sparing Bentall Procedure

This procedure is not a true Bentall procedure in the traditional way. This approach involves replacing the aorta while preserving the aortic valve of the patient. This is also known as the David procedure or re-implantation procedure.

Bioprosthetic Valve Bentall Procedure

This involves using a bioprosthetic or tissue valve instead of a mechanical valve. Bioprosthetic valves are obtained from animal tissues and do not require medications to limit the complications related to valves.

Bentall Procedure

The general overview of the Bentall procedure is as follows:
Anesthesia: the anesthesia is administered so that the patient cannot feel pain or discomfort during the Bentall procedure.
Incision: An incision is made in the center of the chest on the breastbone to access the heart and the blood vessels.
Aortic Root Dissection: The aorta is dissected, and the impaired aortic valve is also removed for the preparation of the implantation of the graft.
Graft Placement: A synthetic tube graft that is made up of resilient materials is securely stitched in place of the aorta. If the aortic valve replacement is also required, it is attached to the graft—either by a mechanical or a bioprosthetic valve.
Coronary Arteries: The coronary arteries are the branches of the aorta. The openings of the coronary arteries are carefully reattached to the graft. This step is important to maintain continuous blood supply to the heart muscle.
Closure: after the implantation, the incisions are closed by using sutures. Some medications are used to apply on these incisions.
Recovery: In the recovery phase, medications are used to prevent any complications and limited activities are recommended to avoid the extra stress on the heart.

Cost of Bentall procedure in India

The cost of the bentall procedure in India ranges from 3000 USD to 6000 USD. The cost can vary according to the condition of the patient, the facilities of the hospital, and the skill of the surgeon. The cost can also vary according to the types of valve used in the replacement of aortic valve.

Symptoms and Risk factors

Some of the indications of the Bentall procedure are as follows:

• Aortic root aneurysm
• Aortic dissection involving the ascending aorta
• Aortic valve dysfunction with ascending aorta involvement
• Connective tissue diseases e.g., Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome with involvement of aorta.
• Re-do aortic valve surgery with aortic root involvement
• Aortic root abscess or infection
• Aortic regurgitation due to aortic root dilation or valve pathology
• Aortic stenosis with involvement of the ascending aorta
• Bicuspid aortic valve with associated aortic root disease
• Aortic swelling and bulging which produces abnormal blood flow
• Genetic syndromes associated with abnormalities of the aorta
• Traumatic injury to the aortic root and ascending aorta
• Aortic root pathology causing heart failure or hemodynamic instability.

Risk factors of Bentall Procedure

Some of the risks that are associated with the Bentall procedure are:

Anesthesia Risks

Some patients have adverse reactions to anesthesia like allergic reactions. Anesthesia also has the risk of infertility.

Bleeding and Hemorrhage

There is a risk of bleeding during and after the procedure when incisions are closed. Excess bleeding will require further medical management and may also complicate the recovery.

Infection

Like any surgery, there is always the risk of developing an infection. The risk is higher in people who have low immunity.

Blood Clots

There is a risk of blood clot formation. Blood clots can travel to major organs like the lungs, brain, and heart and may risk the life of a patient.

Heart Attack

Sometimes the blood flow is not proper to the muscles of the heart which can lead to a heart attack.

Valve Dysfunction

Valve dysfunction can be the risk in which valves do not function properly and also have the risk of developing infection.

Arrhythmias

There is a risk of an abnormal rhythm of heartbeats that can complicate the recovery process and can also produce severe complications.

Kidney Dysfunction

A low supply of blood to the kidney due to insufficiency of the heart to pump blood can damage kidney function.

Respiratory Complications

There are the risks of Breathing difficulties, lung infections, or pneumonia after the surgery.