Gastric sleeve surgery is a type of bariatric surgery procedure in which a surgery is performed to remove the large portion of the stomach. Only a sleeve like structure is left behind after the surgery. It allows a lesser amount of absorption of food and less calorie intake in order to reduce the weight in obese and overweight patients. Gastric sleeve surgery is also known as gastrectomy which means the removal of a part of the stomach. In gastric sleeve surgery treatment, 80% of the stomach is removed by the surgical procedure and only a sleeve of stomach is left behind. Gastric sleeve surgery also reduces hunger by limiting the production of hunger hormones in the stomach. It makes the person fuller with less amount of food intake. It also reduces the cravings in person and prevents weight gain after the surgery. Gastric sleeve surgery is performed on people who don't respond to diet restrictions and exercises. Or it may perform on the patient with serious medical conditions. Gastric sleeve surgery also has some risks and complications but the risks are less than having obesity. Gastric sleeve surgery is performed by the minimally invasive procedure which allows a lesser amount of time to recover and improve the quality of life of the patient.
Types of Gastric Sleeve Surgery Treatment India
There are many ways to perform a Gastric Sleeve surgery. Some of the procedures are:
- Laparoscopic Gastric Sleeve
- Robot-Assisted Gastric Sleeve
- Single-Incision Gastric Sleeve
- Endoscopic Gastric Sleeve
Laparoscopic Gastric Sleeve
This is the most common and less invasive method of gastric sleeve surgery. It involves making small incisions in the abdomen and using a laparoscope (a tiny camera) to guide the surgical instruments in removing a large portion of the stomach to create a sleeve shaped stomach pouch.
Robot-Assisted Gastric Sleeve
In this approach, the surgeon uses robotic assistance during the surgery. Robotic systems provide increased dexterity and precision that allows for more precise movements during the procedure.
Single-Incision Gastric Sleeve
With this technique, the surgeon makes a single incision, usually in the belly button, to conduct the entire gastric sleeve surgery. The goal is to minimize visible scarring, although it may not be suitable for all patients. It is performed on the basis of the patient's condition and previous surgeries.
Endoscopic Gastric Sleeve
Instead of making abdominal incisions, this approach utilizes an endoscope which is a flexible tube with a camera, to access the stomach through the mouth. Specialized instruments are inserted through the endoscope to remove a portion of the stomach and create the sleeve.
Procedure of Gastric Sleeve Surgery
The general overview of the procedure of gastric sleeve surgery is described below:
- Anesthesia: The surgery is performed after administering general anesthesia to ensure the patient is unconscious and free from pain during the procedure.
- Incisions: After the anesthesia takes effect, the surgeon makes several small incisions in the abdominal area that allows access to the stomach. In some cases, a single larger incision may be used which is known as single-incision gastric sleeve.
- Removal of a portion of the stomach: A large portion of the stomach is carefully removed, leaving behind a narrow tube-shaped "sleeve" or pouch. The removed section of the stomach is permanently taken out.
- Stapling: The surgeon uses surgical staplers to seal the edges of the remaining stomach tissue, creating the sleeve-shaped stomach pouch. The staples provide strength and prevent leaks.
- Completion: Before concluding the surgery, the surgeon ensures there are no leaks or bleeding from the newly formed stomach.
- Completion: Before concluding the surgery, the surgeon ensures there are no leaks or bleeding from the newly formed stomach.
- Recovery: In the recovery phase, some medications are used to prevent blood clot formation and other complications like pneumonia.
Cost of Gastric Sleeve Surgery in India
The cost of gastric sleeve surgery in India ranges from 2500 to 4000 USD. The cost may vary according to the condition of the patient at the time of surgical procedure and presence of other co morbid conditions. The cost can also vary according to the facilities of the hospital and skill of the surgeon in performing gastric sleeve surgical procedures.
Gastric Sleeve Surgery : 2928 USD - 3907 USD
Indications of Gastric Sleeve Surgery
Some of the conditions or diseases in which the Gastric Sleeve Surgery is indicated are:
- Obesity (BMI ≥ 40 or BMI 35-39.9 with comorbidities)
- Failed Weight Loss Attempts
- Coexisting Health Conditions
- Improving Overall Health
- Preparatory Procedure for High-Risk Cases
- Age and Health Considerations
- Psychological Evaluation
- Type 2 Diabetes
- High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
- Sleep Apnea
- High Cholesterol
- Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Risk Factors of Gastric Sleeve Surgery
Some risk factors associated with gastric sleeve surgery are:
Surgical Complications
Like any surgical procedure, gastric sleeve surgery carries the risk of complications such as bleeding, infection, allergic reactions or adverse reactions to anesthesia.
Leaks
There is a possibility of leaks occurring at the staple lines used to create the stomach sleeve, which can lead to infections, internal bleeding or other issues.
Structure
Some patients may experience narrowing of the sleeve due to scarring or inflammation that may cause difficulties in swallowing. It needs further medical management.
Nutritional Deficiencies
Sleeve surgery allows limited absorption of food in the stomach that can lead to low calorie intake and hence nutritional deficiencies.
Dumping Syndrome
Rapid movement of the food from the stomach into the small intestine can cause dumping syndrome. It leads to symptoms such as nausea, dizziness, sweating, and diarrhea. This complication is more common after consuming sugary or fatty foods.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
It is the condition when stomach contents move back to the food pipe and produce the symptoms of burning sensation and pain after having a meal. This condition can be a complication after gastric sleeve surgery.
Weight Loss Challenges
While gastric sleeve surgery promotes weight loss, some patients may not lose the weight or after sometime they regain the weight and cause complications.
Blood Clots
Like any other surgery, there is a risk of developing blood clots in legs that can travel to major organs like the brain, heart and lungs and can lead to life threatening conditions.
Ulcers
Gastric sleeve surgery may increase the risk of stomach ulcers in rare cases.
Gallstones
Rapid weight loss can elevate the risk of gallstone formation. It can further complicate the recovery process and may need extra medical management.
Psychological Impact
Significant lifestyle changes after surgery can have an emotional impact. It can lead to psychological challenges like depression or anxiety.
