Kidney Transplant Treatment India

Types of Kidney Transplant Treatment India

There are three main types of kidney transplant which are described below:

• Living Donor Kidney Transplant
• Deceased Donor Kidney Transplant
• Preemptive Kidney Transplant

Living Donor Kidney Transplant

In this type of kidney transplant, the healthy kidney from a close relative or friend is donated to a person with end stage kidney disease. The donor should have the same blood type as the patient and should have the same genetics. Living donor kidney transplant is usually preferred because it has more chances of success and longer survival rates as compared to transplants from deceased donors. The donor should be in coordination with the patient for this type of transplant.

Deceased Donor Kidney Transplant

In this type of transplant, the kidney is obtained from a dead person. The consent from a deceased person before his death is an important part of this type of kidney transplant. The kidney is matched with a recipient on the basis of blood type, tissue compatibility, and waiting time on the transplant waiting list. Deceased donor kidney transplants are the most common type of kidney transplants but this kidney transplant has a lower success rate than living donor kidney transplants.

Preemptive Kidney Transplant

In preemptive kidney transplant, the healthy kidney is replaced with damaged kidney before even the need of dialysis or the extent of damage to end stage kidney disease. It is considered the optimal treatment for individuals with advanced kidney disease who have a suitable living donor. Preemptive transplantation has advantages such as improved long-term outcomes, avoidance of dialysis, enhanced quality of life, and preservation of circulation and heart health. Not all patients are eligible for preemptive transplantation, as it is usually performed when there is a suitable living donor and timely coordination.

Procedure of Kidney Transplant

Referral and Evaluation: Patients who have end-stage kidney disease are usually referred for transplant. The detailed assessment is done before taking a decision of kidney transplant.

Placement on the Transplant Waiting List: The patients with end stage kidney disease are added to the national or regional transplant waiting list and then selection is usually done based on factors like blood type and waiting time.

Donor Identification: For living donor transplants, a suitable living donor, often a family member or friend, is identified.

Pre-Transplant Preparation: Both the recipient and the living donor undergo further medical tests and consultations to prepare for the surgery.

Surgery: the surgeon performs a surgery and replaces a diseased kidney with a healthy donor kidney.

Post-Transplant Care: after the surgery, medications are given to prevent the failure of transplant. Pain management and prevention of infection is also done by the use of certain medicines.

Diagnosis of Kidney Transplant Treatment India

Cost of Kidney Transplant in India

The cost of kidney transplant in India usually ranges between 11000 USD- 15000 USD. This cost can vary according to the type of kidney transplant. It may also vary in different hospitals of different cities in India.

Minimum to maximum cost range of kidney transplant in India:

Cost of kidney transplant in different cities of India:

Symptoms and Risk factors

Here are the names of some common indications for kidney transplant:

• End-stage of kidney disease 
• Chronic kidney disease stage 5
• Decreased kidney function 
• Uncontrolled high blood pressure leading to kidney damage
• Kidney disease caused by diabetes
• Polycystic kidney disease
• Inflammation of the kidney's filtering units
• Alport syndrome (a genetic condition affecting the kidneys)
• Congenital abnormalities of the kidneys
• Recurrent kidney stones causing significant kidney damage

Risk Factors of Kidney Transplant

Surgical Complications

The kidney transplant procedure is highly complex and may cause leakage of blood vessels, infections or blood clot formation which further require the medical and surgical management.

Rejection of a Transplant

Sometimes the body's natural defense mechanism recognizes the tissue of transplant as an antigen and fights against the new donor transplanted kidney tissues. This can be prevented by using immunosuppressive medications but still there are chances of rejection.

Infections

Due to decreased immunity, the chances of viral, fungal and bacterial infections increases to two fold which can damage the transplanted kidney and also other organs.

Post-operative Complications

After a surgery, some kidney transplant recipients may experience complications such as chronic rejection, recurrence of the original kidney disease, or health issues unrelated to the kidney.

Heart Disease

Kidney transplant recipients may have a higher risk of heart disease, including heart attacks, strokes, and high blood pressure. 

Post-Transplant Diabetes

Some recipients may develop diabetes after transplantation due to the effects of some medicines or by the effect of poor lifestyle after transplant.