Knee Replacement Surgery Treatment in India

Types of Knee Replacement Surgery Treatment

The knee replacement procedure can be performed in various ways. And mostly the type of procedure which is selected is based on the individual’s presentation of the knee deformity. Some of the types are:

Conventional Total Knee Replacement

This is the most conventional form of total knee replacement. In this, the damaged bone is removed and cartilage from the thigh bone and shinbone and replaced with artificial implants made of metal and plastic.

Minimally Invasive Total Knee Replacement

In this technique, small incisions are made, and special kinds of tools are used to limit the damage to surrounding muscles and tissues. It is used to reduce postoperative pain and speed up the recovery process as compared to conventional surgery in which large incisions are made.

Computer-Assisted Total Knee Replacement

This procedure utilizes computer systems to help the surgeon to perform surgery with greater precision and accuracy. The technology provides real-time feedback, helping ensure optimal alignment and positioning of the prosthetic components.

Patient-Specific Total Knee Replacement

This involves creating implants that are specifically designed according to the patient’s joint deformity. It may include the use of preoperative imaging and advanced 3D modeling techniques to design implants that fit the patient's knee joint more accurately.

Gender-Specific Total Knee Replacement

Some manufacturers offer implants that are designed specifically to make room for bony differences between male and female knees. These implants consider factors such as bone size, shape, and soft tissue tension.

Partial Knee Replacement

This is also known as unicompartmental knee replacement. This procedure involves replacing only the damaged portion of the knee joint. It is suitable for patients with limited joint damage involving only a single compartment, and preserving the healthy bone and surrounding tissues.

Revision Total Knee Replacement

This type of surgery is performed when a previously implanted knee replacement fails or is displaced over time. It involves removing the old prosthesis and replacing it with a new one.

Procedure of Total Knee Replacement

Total knee replacement has some surgical steps described below:

Pre-operative assessment: In this step, the screening takes place in which the x-rays, blood tests and physical examination is performed to determine the extent of damage in the joint.

Anesthesia: the incision is performed under the effect of anesthesia which numbs the area under surgical procedure. It is used to limit the pain and irritation felt by the patient.

Bone reshaping: the damaged area at the end of thigh bone and the start of shin bone is removed by using a special kind of tool. It is for the accommodation of the new prosthetic knee.

Placement of implant: a metal cap is placed at the end of thigh bone and the metal plate at the start of shin bone, and sometimes a plastic spacer is used for the smooth movement in the joint.

Realignment of joints: the surgeon assesses the stability of the implants that can allow the movement. It is necessary for balance and optimal joint function.

Post-operative care: after the closure of incision, medications are used to prevent pain, infection and reduce the chances of blood clots. It is necessary to speed up the recovery process after knee replacement.

Rehabilitation: Physical therapy is necessary after the knee replacement and often begins after 2-3 days and lasts for several weeks and months. It helps to regain full range of movements in the joints. It helps to strengthen the muscles around the knee which takes part in the activities of daily living.

Cost of Knee Replacement in India

The cost of total knee replacement surgery in India can be between 4,000 and 10,000 USD. The actual price can vary according to the city, hospital, type of implant used, and condition of patient. 

Cost of Total Knee Replacement in Different cities of India

Cost of total knee replacement in the best hospitals of India

Symptoms & Risk factors of Knee Replacement Surgery Treatment

Indications for Total Knee Replacement

Here is a list of diseases and conditions for which total knee replacement may be used:

• Osteoarthritis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Post-traumatic arthritis
• Avascular necrosis
• Osteonecrosis
• Gout
• Psoriatic arthritis
• Hemophilic arthritis
• Septic arthritis
• Connective tissue disorders affecting the knee joint
• Bone dysplasia affecting the knee joint
• Osteoporosis with severe joint degeneration
• Tumors affecting the knee joint
• Failed previous knee surgeries or interventions

Risk Factors Associated with Total Knee Replacement

Infections

After any surgery, the risk of infections is high. So proper medications to prevent any infection is necessary.

Blood Clots

Blood clots can develop in the legs and often travel to the heart and lungs that cause severe complications and sometimes death occurs.

Pneumonia

The lack of mobility can cause the infection in lungs. So proper drainage and medications are required to prevent pneumonia.

Displacement of Prosthesis

Sometimes the prosthesis becomes loose and dislocates, which can lead to implant failure. A skillful procedure must be performed otherwise additional surgery is required.

Allergy

In persons who have an allergy to metal, the metal implant can cause swelling, pain, fever and redness.

Damage to Nerve or Blood Vessels

The nerves and vessels sometimes become affected and cause numbness, pain and reduce blood supply to the joint which makes it difficult to heal after knee replacement.