Laparoscopic gynecological surgery is the type of surgery where small incisions are made instead of large open incisions to perform the gynecological procedures. It is an advanced type of technique where open surgeries are replaced with small incisions surgery for the purpose of less damage to surrounding tissues and to reduce the recovery time. In laparoscopic gynecological surgery, the camera is used to look inside the pelvis that assists the surgeon to see inside and perform surgery with great accuracy. This type of surgery can be performed for different procedures in gynecology such as fibroids removal, ovarian cyst removal and to treat ectopic pregnancy. Laparoscopic surgery also has the advantage of less scar formation and short healing time. Laparoscopic surgery can also be performed to diagnose the diseases other than to treat the condition. There are also advanced types of robotic surgery that allow for even great accuracy in procedures with minimum errors. However, there are still some of the risks that are associated with laparoscopic gynecological surgeries that should be managed to assist in the healing process. Recovery time after this surgery can also vary for each patient but still it requires less time as compared to the recovery time in open surgeries. Patients can perform normal activities within a month after the surgery.
Types & Procedure of Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery Treatment
Some of the types of laparoscopic surgeries in gynecology are as follow:
- Laparoscopic Hysterectomy
- Laparoscopic Oophorectomy
- Laparoscopic Myomectomy
- Laparoscopic Tubal Ligation
- Laparoscopic Endometriosis Surgery
- Laparoscopic Ectopic Pregnancy Surgery
- Laparoscopic Cystectomy
- Laparoscopic Pelvic Floor Repair
- Laparoscopic Adhesiolysis
Laparoscopic Hysterectomy
In Laparoscopic hysterectomy surgery, the uterus is removed by making small incisions in the abdominal area with the help of a camera or laparoscope. It involves removing the entire uterus or just removing only a portion of the uterus.
Laparoscopic Oophorectomy
In this procedure, one or both ovaries are removed by using laparoscopic surgery. It is often done to treat conditions like ovarian cysts or tumors form in the ovary or uterus.
Laparoscopic Myomectomy
This surgery is performed to remove uterine fibroids that are not the cancerous growth in the uterus but have symptoms. It allows for the removal of only fibroids without damaging the uterus.
Laparoscopic Tubal Ligation
In this procedure, the tube is blocked by sealing which allows the egg to travel into the uterus for fertilization. When the tubes are blocked, it prevents pregnancy.
Laparoscopic Endometriosis Surgery
This procedure is used to treat endometriosis, a condition where tissues of the uterus begin to grow outside the structure of the uterus. The surgeon removes or destroys these growths to treat symptoms.
Laparoscopic Ectopic Pregnancy Surgery
When a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, it can be a life-threatening condition for women. Laparoscopy is used to remove the ectopic pregnancy to treat the complications.
Laparoscopic Cystectomy
This is another type of procedure in gynecology which is performed to remove ovarian cysts that can be solid or fluid filled.
Laparoscopic Pelvic Floor Repair
Laparoscopic pelvic repair surgery is used to treat the condition when pelvic organs fall in the vaginal canal such as the bladder or uterus. This surgery helps in moving these structures to their original place.
Laparoscopic Adhesiolysis
Sometimes, scar tissues can form in the pelvic area that produces the symptoms of pain and infertility. This surgery involves cutting these scars to treat the symptoms.
Procedure of Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery
The general overview of the laparoscopic surgery is described below:
- Anesthesia: The anesthesia is administered to reduce the effect of pain and discomfort during the procedure.
- Incision: Small incisions are made in the abdominal area through which the laparoscopic tools will pass to help the surgeon during surgery.
- Insertion of Trocars: Trocars are long and slender instruments with a sharp point that are used to create pathways for the laparoscope and other surgical instruments. Trocars are inserted into the incisions.
- Laparoscopic Imaging: A laparoscope or a thin tube with a camera and light source is inserted through one of the incisions. This allows the surgeon to view the pelvic area on a monitor and helps in guiding the surgery.
- Surgical Procedure: Depending on the specific surgery, various laparoscopic instruments are used to perform the necessary procedures.
- Completion of Surgery: Once the surgeon has completed the necessary procedures, they carefully remove all instruments and close any incisions with sutures. Some incisions may not require sutures and can be closed with skin glue.
- Recovery: Some medications are used in the recovery process to prevent the complication of infection, bleeding, blood clots and pain. In this phase, there is restriction of stress activities and patients can only perform light activities.
Cost of Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery in India
The cost of Laparoscopic gynecological surgery in India ranges from 1000 USD to 8000 USD. The cost can vary according to the type of laparoscopic gynecological surgery performed and the skills of the surgeon in performing the procedure.
Some of the indications of laparoscopic gynecological surgery are as follow:
- Endometriosis Removal Surgery : 2500 USD - 7500 USD
- Ectopic Pregnancy Surgery : 1040 USD - 1720 USD
- Uterine Fibroid Surgery :1200 USD - 1800 USD
- Others : 2200 USD - 8100 USD
Symptoms & Risk Factors of Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery
Some of the indications of laparoscopic gynecological surgery are as follow:
- Uterine conditions
- Ovarian cysts, tumors, or cancer
- Uterine fibroids
- Permanent contraception
- Endometriosis, pelvic pain
- Ectopic pregnancy
- Ovarian cysts
- Pelvic organ prolapses
- Pelvic adhesions causing pain or infertility
- Chronic pelvic pain of unknown origin
- Tubal or uterine blockages causing infertility
- Abnormal uterine bleeding
- Removal of retained products of conception
- Pelvic adhesions due to prior surgeries or infections
Risk Factors of Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery
Some of the risk factors are:
Anesthesia Risk
Some people show adverse reactions to anesthesia like allergic reactions, breathing problems and infertility problems.
Infection Risk
There can be the risk of developing infection during or after the surgery. It can complicate the recovery process.
Bleeding Concerns
Laparoscopic surgery involves smaller incisions and reduced bleeding as compared to open surgery but bleeding can still occur and it may require additional treatments.
Organ Damage
During the procedure, damage may occur to nearby organs like the bladder, bowel, or blood vessels. It can be due to poor skills of a surgeon.
Adverse Reactions
Some patients experience the adverse reactions to tools used in the surgery or medications used during or after the surgery.
Blood clots can form in the legs that can travel to organs and create life threatening conditions.
Postoperative Discomfort
Pain and discomfort are usually normal after surgery. Inadequate pain management can lead to complications such as shallow breathing or limited mobility.
Even though laparoscopic incisions are smaller than those in open surgery, they can still result in visible scars.
Conversion to Open Surgery
In some situations, a laparoscopic procedure may require conversion to open surgery if complications or life threatening risks occur. This complication can delay the recovery.
