An osteotomy is a surgical procedure in which bones are cut and reshaped due to the presence of some disease. Some specific types of diseases attack the structure of bones and damage the joints. In such conditions, the surgeon removes the damaged part of the bone and preserves the healthy part of the bone. Osteotomy can also be performed to adjust the length of bones on both sides. This surgical procedure can also be performed in young people to delay the surgery of replacement of joints. There are many types of osteotomy and each type is used according to the type of joint involved in the disease. Osteotomy is a complex surgical procedure that involves the proper plan of treatment and post-operative care and management. It has many risks and complications that should be prevented to avoid any complications during and after the surgery. The diseases of bones and joints can severely affect the life quality of patients. So it is important to take part in a proper rehabilitation program to return to normal activities of daily living. To achieve this, the physical therapists and occupational therapists properly design the exercise program for each patient separately to provide independence to the patients.
Types of Osteotomy Treatment India
There are different types of osteotomy procedures. These may involve:
- Knee Osteotomies
- Hip Osteotomies
- Foot and Ankle Osteotomies
- Shoulder Osteotomies
- Hand and Wrist Osteotomies
Knee Osteotomies
- High Tibial Osteotomy (HTO): This procedure involves the reshaping of the upper part of the leg bone. This may be performed in different joint diseases like osteoarthritis.
- Distal Femoral Osteotomy: This procedure focuses on the lower end of the thigh bone and can be used for realignment of the knee joint.
Hip Osteotomies
The shaping of bones involved in the hip joint is called hip osteotomies. In this type, some of the procedures involved are:
- Periacetabular Osteotomy (PAO): this procedure resolves the issues of the joint of the hip by reshaping the bones of the joint.
- Femoral Osteotomy: This procedure involves the upper part of the thigh bone to correct conditions like hip impingement.
In this type of osteotomy, a different procedure is involved in which the bones of the foot and ankle are reshaped. This is useful to correct different abnormalities of the structure of the foot and ankle. In some cases, congenital deformities are also treated with this surgical treatment.
Shoulder Osteotomies
The bones involved in the joint of the shoulders can also be reshaped when deformity occurs. It may help to achieve pain-free movement of the shoulder joint.
Hand and Wrist Osteotomies
This procedure is used for conditions where bones are abnormal and cause pain. This surgery can help to restore the functional movements of the wrist.
Procedure of Osteotomy
The general overview of the osteotomy surgical procedure is described below:
- Incision: A surgical incision is made over the targeted bone or joint. The size and location of the incision depend on the type of osteotomy.
- Bone Cutting: The surgeon carefully cuts the bone in which the disease has occurred. The cut may be in the form of a wedge, a straight line, or a curve but it depends on the desired realignment.
- Reshaping: After cutting the bone, the surgeon reshapes it to achieve the desired correction or realignment.
- Fixation: To hold the reshaped bone in place, the surgeon may use various fixation methods such as screws, plates, rods, wires, or pins. These devices provide stability during the healing process.
- Closure: After the fixation, the incision is closed with the help of sutures.
- Postoperative Care: In the postoperative period, medications are used to prevent any complications after the procedure.
- Rehabilitation: According to the type of osteotomy and the condition of the patient, physical therapy and rehabilitation may be necessary. This helps to restore normal movements of joints.
Cost of Osteotomy Procedure in India
The cost of an osteotomy procedure in India ranges from 1800 USD to 5600 USD. The cost can also vary according to the type of joint involved in the surgery. The cost can also vary according to the skills of the surgeon and the complexity of each case.
- Osteotomy : 4262 USD - 5683 USD
- Corrective Osteotomy : 1865 USD - 2486 USD
- High Tibial Osteotomy : 2237 USD - 2983 USD
- Lower Femoral Osteotomy : 1758 USD - 2343 USD
Indications of Osteotomy
Some of the conditions where osteotomy may be performed are:
- Worn-Out Knee Joints
- Abnormal hip joint
- Crooked Knee that goes Inward
- Crooked Knee that goes Outward
- Hip Joint friction and pain
- Painful Big Toe Bump
- Flat Feet That Cause Pain
- Broken Wrist Bone That Won't Heal
- Unstable Shoulder
- Elbow Sticks Outwards
- Arm or Leg Heals Crooked
- Legs Are Different Lengths
- Ankle Is Bent Wrong
- Worn-Out Hip Joints
- Hip Bone Losing Blood Supply
- Fractures Healed Wrong
- Leg Bone Is Crooked
- Joint Cartilage Comes Loose
Risk Factors of Osteotomy
Some of the risks of the surgical procedure of osteotomy are as follows:
Infection
There is a risk of infection in osteotomy surgery so it is important to use some medications which prevent the risk of infection.
Bleeding
There is also a risk of bleeding because osteotomy is a complex procedure. The complication of bleeding may need some additional treatments.
Blood Clots
Due to the immobility after the surgery, there is a risk of formation of blood clots inside the blood vessels which can lead to life-threatening conditions.
Nerve or Blood Vessel Damage
During the surgery, nerves or blood vessels in surroundings may be damaged which can lead to other complications and delay the recovery.
Non-Union
Sometimes, bones may not heal properly after the osteotomy procedure which can lead to a condition called non-union where the bones fail to fuse.
Malalignment
The realignment of bones may not be precise which can lead to functional issues with joint or limb alignment.
Stiffness
There is a risk of joint stiffness after surgery which may require physical therapy for recovery.
Pain
After osteotomy, many patients experience pain but it usually subsides with the use of some medications.
Allergic Reactions
Patients may have allergic reactions to anesthesia or other medications that are used during the procedure.
Delayed Healing
Bones may take longer to heal in some individuals which can delay the recovery process.
Functional Limitations
Depending on the type of osteotomy and its success, there may be limitations in the function of some joints or limbs.
06/27/2024
