Tuberculosis Treatment India

Types of Tuberculosis Treatment India

Types of Tuberculosis

There are two types of tuberculosis:

01. Latent Tuberculosis - In this type of TB, people have germs of this disease in their body but the immune system prevents it from spreading. Generally, it does not show any symptoms, but infection is alive which can become active one day. For example, patients with HIV have weakened immune systems, thus are at higher risk of re-activation of this disease.

02. Active TB - It makes you sick and can spread to others. It can occur weeks or years after infection has entered the body.

Tuberculosis Treatment

The treatment will depend on the type of infection:

01. Latent TB - Doctor will give medication to kill the bacteria so that infection is killed before becoming active. Individuals will need to take medicines for up to 9 months.

02. Active TB - the common recommended drugs are ethambutol, rifampin and isoniazid. One needs to take these medicines for 6 to 12 months.

03. Drug-resistant Tuberculosis - doctors may give one or more medicines. These medicines need to be taken for up to 30 months.

There can be serious effects of these medications. All these medicines can be toxic to the liver. While taking these medicines, if you notice any below given signs, call your doctor immediately:

01. Loss of appetite

02. Vomiting

03. Jaundice

04. Dark urine

05. Blurred vision

06. Bleeding

Surgery for Tuberculosis

The surgery is performed to remove the part or all of the diseased tissue. Surgery is considered when:

01. Disease is localized

02. Remaining lung tissue is free of tuberculosis

03. Patients surgical risk to tolerate the surgery

In all cases, it is performed if it does not cause any damage to the lungs functionality. There are several types of surgeries, namely wedge resection, segmentectomy, lobectomy, bilobectomy, combined resection, pneumonectomy or pleuropneumonectomy and more. The success rate of surgery depends on the patient's overall health conditions.

Tuberculosis Prevention

01. To prevent spreading of tuberculosis, For latent infection, take all your medicines on time so that the infection does not come active.

02. For active TB, reduce your contact with people. If you want to go outside, cover your mouth while laughing, coughing or sneezing.

03. If you are visiting a place where tuberculosis is common, limit your time in crowded places.

Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Treatment India

Symptoms for Tuberculosis

Latent tuberculosis doesn’t have any signs and symptoms. However, signs of active tuberculosis disease include:

01. Coughing for 3 or more weeks

02. Coughing up mucus or blood

03. Chest pain

04. Weight loss

05. Night sweats

06. Fatigue

07. Fever

08. Chills

09. Loss of appetite

This disease can affect other parts of the body, including spine, kidneys or brain. When it occurs in other parts of the body, its signs depend on the organ involved.

Diagnosis of Tuberculosis

During a physical tuberculosis test, the doctor will check for lymph nodes and use a stethoscope to analyze the sound of lungs while you breathe.

01. Skin Test - A skin test is done to diagnose the disease. In this test, a small amount of substance called tuberculin is injected into the skin of the lower arm. After 2 to 3 days, the doctor will check the arm for swelling at the injection site. If you have a hard red bump that means you have a TB infection. The skin tests are not always accurate. It suggests that people have TB when they dont.

02. Blood Tests - Blood tests can confirm the type of tuberculosis that one is suffering from. It measures the reaction of the immune system to tuberculosis bacteria.

03. Imaging Tests - If you are diagnosed positive in a skin test, the doctor may order a chest X-Ray or CT Scan. These imaging tests can reveal white spots in lungs, and can reveal changes in lungs due to active TB.

04. Sputum Tests - If there are signs of TB, doctors may take samples of sputum. It is used to test for drug-resistant strains of TB. This further will help doctors to decide on medications that will work. The results of this diagnostic test are revealed in 4 to 8 weeks.

Symptoms and Risk factors

Tuberculosis Causes

It is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria that spread from one person to another. This happens when a patient coughs, sneezes, speaks, laughs, spits or sings, and releases microscopic droplets in the air. Individuals are likely to catch tuberculosis if someone lives or works with a patient of untreated tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis Risk Factors

You are more prone to get tuberculosis if:

01. Friend, co-worker or family member with active tuberculosis

02. Living to traveling to an area where tuberculosis is common

03. Working or living in nursing home

04. Smoker

05. Being part of group in which tuberculosis is likely to spread

Your immune system not be able to fight tuberculosis, if you have:

01. Diabetes

02. HIV or AIDS

03. Neck or head cancers

04. Severe kidney disease

05. Chemotherapy

06. Low body weight

07. Certain medications to treat Crohn’s disease, psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis

08. Drugs for organ transplants

09. Young children are also at risk of getting it because their immune system is not fully developed.

Tuberculosis Complications

Tuberculosis can lead to another health conditions, such as:

01. Lung damage

02. Joint damage

03. Damage to bones, brain, spinal cord, or lymph nodes

04. Kidney problems

05. Inflammation of tissues